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Difference between revisions of "Auxiliary Activity Family 14"
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''Clan''' | |'''Clan''' | ||
| − | |Structurally related to [[AA9 | + | |Structurally related to [[AA9]] |
|- | |- | ||
|'''Mechanism''' | |'''Mechanism''' | ||
| Line 29: | Line 29: | ||
== Substrate specificities == | == Substrate specificities == | ||
| − | + | The gene encoding the first AA14 family member was identified by analysing transcriptomic and proteomic data from the white-rot basidiomycete ''Pycnoporus coccineus'' <cite>Couturier2015</cite>. This gene was highly upregulated when the fungus was grown on pine or poplar. The corresponding protein (JGI ID 1372210; GenBank ID KY769370) was secreted only during growth on pine and poplar, suggesting a role in wood decay. AA14 modules never occur with CBMs, [[carbohydrate-binding modules]] which explains why the family could not be discovered by the module-walking approach, as were [[AA11]] and [[AA13]]. | |
| − | + | The only two AA14 characterized so far were tested for copper dependant oxidase activity on a range of polysaccharides. No activity could be detected on any substrate tested, including cellulose and xylans. However, addition of either of the AA14 enzymes to a ''Trichoderma reesei'' cocktail composed of mainly cellulases and xylanases led to a boost of glucose release from poplar and pine . This improvement in glucose release was dose dependent, yielding up to ~100% increase on pretreated softwood. AA14 enzymes also showed synergystic action on wood with [[AA9]] LPMOs. Finally, activity was detected on xylan adsorbed onto cellulose chains, using solid state 13C CP/MAS NMR and mass spectrometry. The observed products were C1 oxidized species with an aldonic acid at the reducing end. | |
| − | + | == Kinetics and Mechanism == | |
| − | |||
Content is to be added here. | Content is to be added here. | ||
| Line 45: | Line 44: | ||
== Family Firsts == | == Family Firsts == | ||
| − | ;First | + | ;First family member identified: AA14 from ''Pycnoporus coccineus'' <cite>Couturier2018</cite>. |
| − | ;First | + | ;First demonstration of oxidative cleavage: ''Pc''AA114A and ''Pc''AA114AB were shown to oxidatively cleave xylan chains bound to cellulose <cite>Couturier2018</cite>. |
| − | + | ;First 3-D structure: ''Pc''AA14B from ''P. coccineus'' [{{PDBlink}}5no7 5NO7] <cite>Couturier2018</cite> | |
| − | ;First 3-D structure: | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<biblio> | <biblio> | ||
| − | # | + | #Couturier2015 pmid=26692083 |
| − | # | + | #Couturier2018 pmid=29377002 |
</biblio> | </biblio> | ||
[[Category:Auxiliary Activity Families|AA014]] | [[Category:Auxiliary Activity Families|AA014]] | ||
Revision as of 07:01, 9 May 2019
This page is currently under construction. This means that the Responsible Curator has deemed that the page's content is not quite up to CAZypedia's standards for full public consumption. All information should be considered to be under revision and may be subject to major changes.
- Author: ^^^Marie Couturier^^^ and ^^^Jean-Guy Berrin^^^
- Responsible Curator: ^^^Jean-Guy Berrin^^^
| Auxiliary Activity Family AA14 | |
| Clan | Structurally related to AA9 |
| Mechanism | lytic oxidase |
| Active site residues | mononuclear copper ion |
| CAZy DB link | |
| https://www.cazy.org/AA14.html | |
Substrate specificities
The gene encoding the first AA14 family member was identified by analysing transcriptomic and proteomic data from the white-rot basidiomycete Pycnoporus coccineus [1]. This gene was highly upregulated when the fungus was grown on pine or poplar. The corresponding protein (JGI ID 1372210; GenBank ID KY769370) was secreted only during growth on pine and poplar, suggesting a role in wood decay. AA14 modules never occur with CBMs, carbohydrate-binding modules which explains why the family could not be discovered by the module-walking approach, as were AA11 and AA13.
The only two AA14 characterized so far were tested for copper dependant oxidase activity on a range of polysaccharides. No activity could be detected on any substrate tested, including cellulose and xylans. However, addition of either of the AA14 enzymes to a Trichoderma reesei cocktail composed of mainly cellulases and xylanases led to a boost of glucose release from poplar and pine . This improvement in glucose release was dose dependent, yielding up to ~100% increase on pretreated softwood. AA14 enzymes also showed synergystic action on wood with AA9 LPMOs. Finally, activity was detected on xylan adsorbed onto cellulose chains, using solid state 13C CP/MAS NMR and mass spectrometry. The observed products were C1 oxidized species with an aldonic acid at the reducing end.
Kinetics and Mechanism
Content is to be added here.
Catalytic Residues
Content is to be added here.
Three-dimensional structures
Content is to be added here.
Family Firsts
- First family member identified
- AA14 from Pycnoporus coccineus [2].
- First demonstration of oxidative cleavage
- PcAA114A and PcAA114AB were shown to oxidatively cleave xylan chains bound to cellulose [2].
- First 3-D structure
- PcAA14B from P. coccineus 5NO7 [2]
References
- Couturier M, Navarro D, Chevret D, Henrissat B, Piumi F, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Martinez AT, Grigoriev IV, Riley R, Lipzen A, Berrin JG, Master ER, and Rosso MN. (2015). Enhanced degradation of softwood versus hardwood by the white-rot fungus Pycnoporus coccineus. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2015;8:216. DOI:10.1186/s13068-015-0407-8 |
- Couturier M, Ladevèze S, Sulzenbacher G, Ciano L, Fanuel M, Moreau C, Villares A, Cathala B, Chaspoul F, Frandsen KE, Labourel A, Herpoël-Gimbert I, Grisel S, Haon M, Lenfant N, Rogniaux H, Ropartz D, Davies GJ, Rosso MN, Walton PH, Henrissat B, and Berrin JG. (2018). Lytic xylan oxidases from wood-decay fungi unlock biomass degradation. Nat Chem Biol. 2018;14(3):306-310. DOI:10.1038/nchembio.2558 |