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Glycoside Hydrolase Family 77
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- Author: ^^^Stefan Janecek^^^
- Responsible Curator: ^^^Stefan Janecek^^^
| Glycoside Hydrolase Family GH77 | |
| Clan | GH-H |
| Mechanism | retaining |
| Active site residues | known |
| CAZy DB link | |
| http://www.cazy.org/fam/GH77.html | |
Substrate specificities
Glycoside hydrolase family 77 is the member of the α-amylase clan GH-H [1], together with GH13 and GH70 [2]. The family contains only one enzyme specificity - the amylomaltase (EC 2.4.1.25), that is known as disproportionating enzyme (D-enzyme) in plants [3] or 4-α-glucanotransferase in bacteria [4] and archaeons [5]. As of April 2010, it has more than 700 members [1] with more than 650 from Bacteria, ~10 from Archaea and a few tens from Eukarya (plants and green algae).
Amylomaltase catalyses the glucan-chain transfer from one α-1,4-glucan to another α-1,4-glucan (or to 4-hydroxyl group of glucose) or within a single linear glucan molecule to produce a cyclic α-1,4-glucan [3, 4, 5].
Kinetics and Mechanism
Catalytic Residues
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Three-dimensional structures
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Family Firsts
- First stereochemistry determination
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- First catalytic nucleophile identification
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- First general acid/base residue identification
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- First 3-D structure
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References
- Cantarel BL, Coutinho PM, Rancurel C, Bernard T, Lombard V, and Henrissat B. (2009). The Carbohydrate-Active EnZymes database (CAZy): an expert resource for Glycogenomics. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009;37(Database issue):D233-8. DOI:10.1093/nar/gkn663 |
- MacGregor EA, Janecek S, and Svensson B. (2001). Relationship of sequence and structure to specificity in the alpha-amylase family of enzymes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001;1546(1):1-20. DOI:10.1016/s0167-4838(00)00302-2 |
- Takaha T, Yanase M, Okada S, and Smith SM. (1993). Disproportionating enzyme (4-alpha-glucanotransferase; EC 2.4.1.25) of potato. Purification, molecular cloning, and potential role in starch metabolism. J Biol Chem. 1993;268(2):1391-6. | Google Books | Open Library
- Terada Y, Fujii K, Takaha T, and Okada S. (1999). Thermus aquaticus ATCC 33923 amylomaltase gene cloning and expression and enzyme characterization: production of cycloamylose. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999;65(3):910-5. DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.3.910-915.1999 |
- Kaper T, Talik B, Ettema TJ, Bos H, van der Maarel MJ, and Dijkhuizen L. (2005). Amylomaltase of Pyrobaculum aerophilum IM2 produces thermoreversible starch gels. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005;71(9):5098-106. DOI:10.1128/AEM.71.9.5098-5106.2005 |