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Carbohydrate Binding Module Family 92
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| CAZy DB link | |
| https://www.cazy.org/CBM92.html |
Ligand specificities
The first characterized member in the CBM92 family is Cgk16A-CBM92 [1]. The CBM could specifically bind to carrageenan. While it was incapable of binding to other polysaccharide components in red algae including agarose, porphyran, and funoran. Meanwhile the CBM displayed no affinity to several anionic polysaccharides, namely pectin, chondroitin sulfates, dermatan sulfate, and sulfated fucans. Furthermore, the CBM showed no significant difference in the affinity to κ- and ι-carrageenan.
Structural Features
No three-dimensional structure has been solved in this CBM family at present. Several conserved residues (e.g., Phe-70, Arg-72, and Phe-75) were discovered through the multiple sequence alignments of Cgk16A-CBM92 and its close homologs [1], which might be critical for the ligand binding of this CBM.
Functionalities
In the natural context, Cgk16A-CBM92 is a component of the κ-carrageenase Cgk16A [2]. It thus might contribute to the enzymatic activity of Cgk16A by binding to κ-carrageenan. To evaluate the feasibility of Cgk16A-CBM92 as a tool in the in situ investigation of carrageenan, a fluorescent probe was constructed by fusing Cgk16A-CBM92 with a green fluorescent protein. The in situ visualization of carrageenan in red alga Kappaphycus alvarezii was realized by utilizing the fluorescent probe [1]. It should be noticed that the members of the CBM92 family are present in different glycoside hydrolase (GH) family sequences, e.g., GH16_17, GH5_54, GH19, and GH95. According to the CAZy database, these GH families comprise enzymes with various substrate specificities, including κ-carrageenase (GH16_17), chitinase (GH19), fucosidase (GH95), and galactosidase (GH95). It indicated that functional diversity might be present within the CBM92 family.
Family Firsts
- First Identified
- The first member Cgk16A-CBM92 is a component of a κ-carrageenase Cgk16A [2], which was discovered from a marine bacterium Wenyingzhuangia aestuarii OF219.
- First Structural Characterization
- No three-dimensional structure has been solved in this CBM family at present.
References
- Mei X, Chang Y, Shen J, Zhang Y, Han J, and Xue C. (2022). Characterization of a Novel Carrageenan-Specific Carbohydrate-Binding Module: a Promising Tool for the In Situ Investigation of Carrageenan. J Agric Food Chem. 2022;70(29):9066-9072. DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03139 |
- Shen J, Chang Y, Chen F, and Dong S. (2018). Expression and characterization of a κ-carrageenase from marine bacterium Wenyingzhuangia aestuarii OF219: A biotechnological tool for the depolymerization of κ-carrageenan. Int J Biol Macromol. 2018;112:93-100. DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.075 |